What is tooth abrasion and why is prevention important?
How to prevent tooth abrasion, recognize the symptoms and avoid excessive enamel wear? What are the most common causes of tooth abrasion? Tooth abrasion is the gradual wearing down of tooth enamel caused by mechanical actions such as improper brushing, consumption of acidic beverages, and the use of hard-bristled toothbrushes. Since enamel cannot regenerate on its own, it is essential to recognize the signs of abrasion early and take preventive measures. Untreated abrasion can lead to tooth sensitivity, aesthetic concerns, and an increased risk of cavities.
How to recognize tooth abrasion?
Tooth abrasion develops gradually, and its early symptoms often go unnoticed until they become more severe, affecting both oral health and aesthetics. Since enamel cannot regenerate, early detection of symptoms is crucial for timely intervention and preventing further wear.
1. Visible enamel wear
Abrasion initially appears on the tooth surface, causing noticeable changes in enamel texture and colour. These changes can range from mild to severe damage, depending on the extent of abrasion.
How to identify enamel wear?
- Loss of shine: Healthy enamel has a natural shine, but as it wears down, it becomes dull and rough to the touch.
- Thinning and transparency of tooth edges: As abrasion progresses, the edges of the teeth may appear more transparent, especially in the front teeth.
- Grooves and indentations along the gum line: These indentations are common in individuals who use hard-bristled toothbrushes or brush too aggressively.
- Mild colour changes: As the protective enamel layer wears down, the underlying dentin (the inner layer of the tooth) becomes visible, giving the teeth a slightly yellowish tint.
2. Sensitivity to cold, heat, and acidity
One of the first signs of weakened enamel is increased tooth sensitivity to external stimuli. As enamel wears down, dentin is exposed, which contains microscopic tubules leading directly to the tooth nerve.
Symptoms of sensitivity due to abrasion:
- Discomfort or pain when drinking hot or cold beverages – Individuals with abrasion often experience sharp pain when consuming hot drinks (coffee, tea) or cold beverages (water, juices).
- Sensitivity to acidic foods – Citrus fruits, carbonated drinks, and acidic foods can further increase discomfort, causing a stinging or painful sensation.
- Discomfort while brushing teeth – If brushing becomes painful, it may indicate that the enamel is thinned and dentin is more sensitive to touch.
3. Gum recession
Gum recession often accompanies tooth abrasion, particularly in individuals who brush improperly or use hard-bristled toothbrushes.
How to recognize gum recession?
- Exposed tooth roots: If you notice that the gums have receded and the roots of your teeth are visible, it could indicate that abrasion has affected your gums.
- Increased sensitivity: Gum recession exposes dentin and tooth roots, leading to heightened sensitivity to cold, heat, or touch.
- Frequent inflammation: Receded gums are more prone to inflammation and infections, resulting in redness, swelling, or bleeding.
Important: Gum recession cannot reverse naturally, so it is crucial to take preventive measures to prevent further deterioration.
4. Changes in tooth shape and size
Teeth affected by abrasion can visibly change in size and shape, impacting not only the aesthetics of your smile but also your bite function.
What changes might you notice?
- Shortened teeth: Long-term abrasion can cause teeth to appear shorter, particularly in individuals who grind their teeth at night (bruxism).
- Flattened and worn edges: The natural contours of teeth may become flattened or uneven.
- Irregular surface texture: Enamel wear can lead to small indentations and a rough texture on the tooth surface.
Aesthetic concern: Changes in tooth shape and size can affect a person’s confidence, making the teeth appear older and less uniform.
5. Frequent chipping or tooth fragility
As enamel wears down, teeth become more prone to cracking and breaking due to the loss of natural protection against external forces.
How to recognize increased tooth fragility?
- Micro-cracks and small chips: Tiny fractures may appear along the edges of teeth, particularly in the front teeth.
- Sudden tooth fracture while chewing: If a tooth breaks while eating hard foods (nuts, candy), it may indicate weakened enamel.
- The feeling of “rough” tooth edges: If you feel uneven or rough edges with your tongue or fingers, it may be a sign of enamel erosion.
Solution: If your teeth frequently chip or you notice uneven edges, consult a dentist immediately to prevent further damage.
When should you visit a dentist?
If you notice any of these symptoms, it is advisable to see a dentist as soon as possible to prevent the progression of abrasion and potential complications.
Early detection allows:
- An assessment of abrasion severity and a personalized plan to protect enamel.
- Remineralization treatments to strengthen enamel and slow further wear.
- Correction of oral hygiene habits, including recommendations for softer toothbrushes and proper brushing techniques.
- Professional protective treatments, such as fluoride applications or custom-made night guards for patients with bruxism.
Tip: Abrasion cannot be reversed, but with the right care and professional treatments, further enamel damage can be prevented.
Why choose Esthea Polyclinic to protect your teeth?
Esthea Polyclinic uses the latest diagnostic and preventive techniques to effectively identify and manage tooth abrasion.
Our expert dental team offers:
- Early detection of enamel wear before severe consequences occur.
- Personalized recommendations to protect your teeth and reduce sensitivity.
- Professional remineralization treatments to strengthen enamel.
- Custom-made night guards for patients suffering from bruxism.
Book an appointment today and protect your smile with the best care at Esthea Polyclinic!